The Nigeria Customs Service say $8m (£6m), wrapped in large brown envelopes, were found hidden inside a car at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport in the commercial capital Lagos.
The cash was allegedly being smuggled out of the country by a "money laundering syndicate assisting corrupt government officials," customs boss Hameed Ali said.
Two drivers working for a company at the airport, who are alleged to have been caught moving the cash into the airport, have been arrested.